Development  Ch:1 

DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS OF DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF PERSONS CAN BE DIFFERENT DISCUSS

• Landless rural labourers
• Prosperous farmers from Punjab
• Farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops
• A rural woman from a land owning family 

• Urban unemployed youth 
• A boy from a rich urban family 
• A girl from a rich urban family 
• An adivasi from Narmada valley

1. What is development?
2. Different persons can have different developmental goals, Discuss
• ANS Different person can have different developmental goals because they come from different backgrounds. For example, A girl expects as much freedom and opportunity as her brother, and that he also shares in the household work. Her brother may not like this.
3. Different persons may have conflicting developmental goals.’ Explain
• ANS For example a rural landless farmer wants better wages whereas a richer farmer wants a hardworking and cheap Labour as a result it creates a conflicts between the landless farmer and the landlord,so people have conflicting development goals.
4. What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other, Discuss
5.  For development, people look at a mix of goals
6. Give some examples where factors other than income are important aspects of our lives.
7. Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well. 
8. What is average income? What is another name of average income?
9. In World Development Reports, brought out by the World Bank, What criterion is used in classifying countries. Discuss.
10. Define -
• Infant Mortality Rate (or IMR) indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year. 
• Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7-and-above age group. 
• Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.
11. What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any? 
12. In what respects is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank? 
13.  Why do we use averages? Are there any limitations to their use? Illustrate with your own examples related to development. 
14. Kerala, with lower per capita income has a better human development ranking than Haryana. Hence, per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you agree? Discuss.
15.  Why is the issue of sustainability important for development? 
16. “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person”. How is this statement relevant to the disscusion of development? Discuss. 
17. List a few examples of environmental degradation that you may have observed around you. 
18. What is BMI ? 
19. What is  HDI ? What are its 3 perimeters?
20. What is sustainable development 
21. What is the average income of a nation called? 
• ANS- PER CAPITAL INCOME
22. Why does Kerala have low infant mortality rate?
• ANS- Kerala has a low infant mortality rate because it has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities.
23. Give some examples where factors other than income are important aspects of our lives
24. Why do you think average income is an important criterion for development

Learn the art of forgiveness

Learn the art of forgiveness,

Even if it be from your cross,

Christ pleaded forgiveness,

Right up from the Cross.

Live and let live,was to Him denied,

Yet he pleaded forgiveness, for all.

Learn the art of forgiveness,

Even if it is from your cross.

Note : This poem is the third in the line and shares the message of forgiveness which is the essence of life taught by Christ . The pain of the other two ends in this poem. The first two being

1 Whatever you spoke behind my back 

2 Will prefer dying as Caesar 

I will prefer dying as Caeser

I will prefer dying as Caesar,

With all those, daggers in my back,

It is better to die of deception,

Than to slay your trusted friend.

It is better to die a victor,

Than to breathe a breath of lies,

Death by deception is better,

Then killing your trustworthy friend.

The one who killed Gandhi,

First bowed down to kill the man,

Death by deception is cruel,

Yet my hands are not crimson red.

Your hands will reveal your guilt,

Your hands will reveal your shame,

My body shall fall down Life less,

And you shall live in your shame.

Live in shame, live in lies,

Live as if you are clean,

Creator of earth is not blind,

Everything is clearly seen. 

मैं सीज़र की तरह मरना चाहूंगा,

पीठ में तमाम धोखे की तलवारें लेकर,

धोखे से मरना बेहतर है,

अपने विश्वासपात्र मित्र को मारने से बेहतर है।

जीतने वाले की तरह मरना बेहतर है,

झूठ की सांस लेने से बेहतर है,

धोखे से मरना बेहतर है,

अपने वफादार दोस्त को मारने से बेहतर है।

गांधी को मारने वाले ने 

पहले झुककर सलाम किया,

धोखे से मरना क्रूर है,

लेकिन मेरे हाथ लाल नहीं हैं।

तुम्हारे हाथ तुम्हारे अपराध को उजागर करेंगे,

तुम्हारे हाथ तुम्हारे शर्म को उजागर करेंगे,

मेरा शरीर जीवनहीन गिर जाएगा,

और तुम अपने शर्म में जीना जारी रखोगे।

शर्म में जियो, झूठ में जियो,

साफ-सुथरे बनकर जियो,

पृथ्वी के रचयिता अंधे नहीं हैं,

हर चीज स्पष्ट रूप से दिखाई देती

Your Dragger brought me to an end

Whatever you spoke behind my back, 

Has surely  been revealed, 

Whatever you thought will not be known,

Has certainly been revealed .

The dagger  of Brutus is the sharpest ,

For it severs your faith in your friends,

All other daggers just pierced the flesh,

Your dagger brought me to an end.

If you read these line and feel it's you,  Then I have passed the test, 

You were the one who did it,

You were the traitor at its best.

If I ask you the question, why?

Will you have an answer to share,

No you will never answer,

However hard I may try.

A poem by R.A. Jacob 

तुमने मेरी पीठ पीछे जो कहा,

वह जरूर खुलकर सामने आया,

तुमने जो सोचा था कि नहीं पता चलेगा,

वह भी जरूर खुलकर सामने आया।

ब्रूटस की तलवार सबसे तेज है,

क्योंकि वह तुम्हारे दोस्तों पर से तुम्हारा भरोसा तोड़ देती है,

बाकी तलवारें सिर्फ शरीर को चुभती हैं,

तुम्हारी तलवार ने मुझे खत्म कर दिया।

अगर तुम इन पंक्तियों को पढ़ो और महसूस करो कि यह तुम्हारे बारे में है,

तो मैं अपनी परीक्षा पास कर चुका हूँ,

तुम वही थे जिन्होंने यह किया था,

तुम सबसे अच्छे गद्दार थे।

मैं तुमसे पूछता हूँ, क्यों?

क्या तुम्हारे पास इसका जवाब होगा?

नहीं, तुम कभी जवाब नहीं दोगे,

चाहे मैं कितनी भी कोशिश करूँ।

तुम्हारी चुप्पी ही तुम्हारा जवाब है,

तुम्हारी खामोशी ही तुम्हारी साजिश को दर्शाती है,

मैं तुम्हें जानता हूँ, तुम्हारी सच्चाई को जानता हूँ,

तुम्हारी गद्दारी को कभी माफ नहीं किया जाएगा।

Three monkeys

Three monkeys have come alive, 

I thought it was an impossible task,

Monkeys of Gandhi Ji have come alive,

I can only say alas.

In the present scenario it's best,

Simply close your eyes,

Ears should not react to what you hear,

Mouth should also be tied.

I am holding my thoughts

I am holding my thoughts,

Lest they cover the page,

I am holding every thought,

Wonder if I can hold them for long.

If I speak to you dear paper,

You keep my secret for sure,

Every thought should not be uttered,

Some thoughts should be held too close.

Prayer to the Lord Almighty,

Intervene in the moment of time,

You know my thoughts better,

Intervene my Lord this time.

I have suffocated feelings,

I have unshared pain,

I open my heart to thee,

You who never disdain.

I don't know, what to do,

I don't know, what is what,

I don't understand it at all,

So I leave it at His cross.

Now you take care of it,

It's beyond my hands,

Where I fail on my own,

I just leave it in his hands.

Can we rewind it

Can we rewind it to when it was new,

Before the weight of betrayal broke it through

Can we return to laughter and shared joys,

Where my heart was pure and bright.

 I see you beside me,

 But you’re far away,

Your memory haunts me, 

Each and every passing day.

We are together, yet apart,

My heart cries out, aching for yours,


I wish I were the one you’d pick,


To rule your heart, to make it yours.

I’m scared to open doors anew,


Afraid of what the future may bring 

But staying here, lost in the past,


Makes me think it’s time to leave at last.

To walk away, to start again,


To find a place where I have no more pain,

For now, the thought of leaving you

Feels like the only path that’s true.

Do not reject Him

Give God the glory, 

Due unto His name, 

Christ deserve all honor, 

Due unto His name. 

Fear not to honor Him, 

He is the Carpenter from Israel, 

He can mend the broken hearted, 

He is the builder of Israel. 

Do not reject Him, 

He has been rejected many a times, 

Yet He taught the lesson of forgiveness, 

As He was crucified. 

Do not reject Him, 

He is God in flesh, 

Do not reject Him, 

He is alpha and omega, Amen. 

Herculion task

I will continue to pray to thee, 

I will pray thee hundred times.

You who can change destiny,

Intervene, I pray this time.

Builder of Israel,

Builder who never fails,

Builder whose works are majestic,

Build my world again.

Dry bones can come back to life,

You can bring back life,

Repair my shattered dreams,

Herculion  is the task as I find.

I will weep in your presence once again

I will weep in your presence once again,

My rant shall rent apart the sky,

It  will reach your throne on high,

Every drop of tear that I cry.

My God, my prince of peace,

I will not remain quiet,

My rant shall make you restless,

Every drop of my tear that I cry.

Prince of peace, I am your servant,

Prince of peace, you are my love,

Only you bother about me,

Only you value my  tears.

Prince of peace, I always adore you,

For what you are to me,

When walls of failure surround me,

I turn my eyes to thee.

R.A.Jacob

If you invite Him to stay

Invite the master builder,

Invite the best carpenter of the land,

If your house needs repair ,

Invite Jesus you understand.

When your house needs repair,

Invite the master craftsman,

When your World is crumbling,

You need His powerful hands.

If things go beyond you,

Close your eyes, and pray,

He will step in to protect you,

If you invite Him to stay.

• Plead,

• Pray

• Remember 

Don't carry the burdens

Don't carry the burdens,

Which only Christ can bear,

Remember you are a human being,

Christ can carry, let Him carry it still.

Burdens of the world are heavy,

Don't carry them alass,

Leave the law of cause and effect,

He is the master of all.

He is the master of earth,and sky,

He is the master supreme,

His will is always supreme,

Leave every burden to Him.

Truth won't ever die

Christ will be crucified,

Gandhi will have to die,

Bullets have name of their victims,

Good people will ultimately die.

Criminal won't ever let the righteous live,

They will burn Graham stains,

They will crucify the followers of Christ,

Yet the truth won't ever die.

Though kill them bury them,

Yet the truth will be out,

Truth can never be buried,

The truth won't ever die.

You can silence the voice of justice,

Yet the truth shall remain,

Death can only kill humans,

Their ideology can never die.

Act blind

Are you blind, 

Can't you see,

If you can see,

Act blind.

The fool is ruling,

I tell you act blind,

Injustice is the anthem,

Act blind.

Close your eyes,

Close your eyes to reality,

The trend is clear,

Act blind 

If you want to live,

Act blind,

Act blind,

Act blind.

You are The Master

Tell me Jesus, what should I do, 

When everything is out of control, 

When I am not at the helm of affairs, 

When things are out of control. 

I can't control the movement of time, 

I can't control the events of life, 

I can't manage my world, and

That's a fact every time. 

Maker of heaven and earth, 

Creator of all who breath, 

I raise my request to thee, 

Interweave in the movement of time. 

You have always stepped in my favour, 

Interweave in the movement of time, 

I leave all my worries at thy footstool, 

For you are the master of my life. 

Once again this child is forced

 Once again this child is forced,

To live in the world of paper and page,

I console this child for that’s the only place,

Which I can provide him at this stage.

Wait for the world may misunderstand you,

Wait for the world is not plain, 

Wait for I provide you even ground,

There can be nothing better than a page.

You can live on it,

You won’t be hurt,

No one will be hurt by you,

Nobody will call you words.

You’ll be safe I tell you,

Live and I say you’ll have no fears,

To me my heart you are very dear,

O child don’t die, live. 

If not in the world of reality,

Then live at least on this page,

For if you don’t live oh my soul,

I for sure shall fail.

Note: This poem talks about expressing ourselves, many a time world is not ready to hear us at such hard times I express myself to just the page where I give my thoughts a vent.

My dreams

I take my shattered dreams,

I take them to the Lord,

I can't tell the world,

I leave them at thy altar oh Lord.

Carpenter of Israel,

Repair my shattered dreams,

Task is just too difficult,

So to thee I plead.

Only you can revive me,

No other hope I see,

Build again I plead thee,

No other hope I see.

Creator,sustainer, provider,

Master of heaven and earth,

When things go beyond me,

I learn to value thy worth.

R.A.Jacob 

Class X Chapter 7 – Life Lines of national Economy

 Class X

Chapter 7 – Life Lines of national Economy

1. The World has turned into a global village. Discuss (81)

2. Name a historical road/highway. (82)

3. Who maintains national highways?(82)

4. Explain about the advantages of roads over railways.(82)

5. What are the major objectives of super highway?(82)

6. Name the organization that is implementing this program?(82)

7. Which is the longest highway? Also name the area which it connects. (82)

8. Explain the state highway. Also name the organization responsible for its maintenance. (82)

9. What are the areas linked by the golden quadrilateral? (82)

10. Name the two ends of the east – west, north – south corridor respectively. (82)

11. When and where was the first railway line made in India? What was the total distance that it covered? (84)

12. What is the importance of railways? (84)

13. Name the largest public sector undertaking in the country? (84)

14. Classify roads on the basis of the type of material used. (84)

15. what are the problems confronting the road transport.(84)

16. Name the organization responsible for constructing the border roads. When was this association formed? (84)

17. What do you understand by road density? (84)

18. What is the national average of roads which state has the highest and lowest road density? (84)

19. What are the problems confronting Indian railways? (85)

20. What are the materials transported by pipeline? How are solids being transported via pipelines? (85)

21. What is the importance of konkan railways? Discuss the problems associated with the same. (85) (2+2)

22. What are the advantages of pipelines? (85)

23. Name the three important national network if pipelines in India. (85)

24. What are four advantages of waterways? (87)

25. Name 3 national waterways. (87)

26. Discuss about the specific feature of the kolkata port. (87)

27. Name the port made to release pressure over kolkata/mumbai port. (87)

28. Name the 2 areas served by Indian airlines. (87)

29. Explain the functions of pawanhans helicopters(88)

30. Name the deepest landlocked port of India. (87)

31. What are the four advantages of waterways? Name three national waterways (87)

34. Explain the specific advantages of

1. Mumbai P.

2. Kandla P.

3. Jawaharlal Nehru P.

4. Marmagao P.

5. New Mangalore (87)

35. What are the advantages of air transport? (88)

36. Name six mail channels that have been recently introduced? (90)

37. What is trade? What is international trade? Why is trade considered as economic barometer? (90)

38. What are the various means of communication? (90)

39. Explain the importance of  

1) All India Radio

2) Doordarshan (90)

40. What is favorable balance of trade? (91)

41. Explain the importance of tourism as a trade? (91)

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

Class X Ch – 5 Mineral and Energy Resources

                                                                         Class X 

Ch – 5 Mineral and Energy Resources 

• What is a mineral according to geologists? Name the hardest and the softest mineral. P-50

• Explain the importance of minerals for all living beings. P-50

• What are the five different ways in which minerals occur? P-51

• What is an ore? P-51

• Explain the classification of minerals. P-51

• Which minerals are found as placer deposits and why? P-52

• What are the factors that affect mining? P-52

• Look at the figure and answer the following:- 

• 

• Which state has the largest production of iron ore? Name any mine of this state.

• Why iron ore is considered the backbone of industrial development? Give one point of similarity and one point of difference between hematite and magnetite ore. P-52

• Look at the map and answer the following:-

• Name the four major iron ore belts of India. P-53

• What are the uses of manganese? Name the state which is the largest producer of manganese. P-53

• Explain the three characters of copper? Also give its three uses. Name three mines from which copper is extracted? P-55

• Name the ore of aluminium. Give its four characters. Name the region where bauxite is mined. P- 55

• Explain about the characters of mica. What makes it indispensable in the electronic industry? P-55

• Name the two major states producing Mica. Also mention one site where it is present. P-55

• Name the rock associated with limestone? What are the industries that use limestone as their basic raw material? P-56

• Explain the importance of conservation of resources? P-57

• How can minerals be conserved? P-57

• Why do we need Energy? What are the sources from which energy can be attained? Name some conventional and non conventional sources of energy? P-58

• Name a coal mine in Tamilnadu used for taking out lignite? Name two series of rocks which contain coal? Which series has got better quality of coal? P-58

• Why are thermal power plant and heavy industries located near the coal fields? P-60

• Why are petroleum industries considered as nodal industries? Name the various uses of petroleum. P-60

• Explain about the occurrence of oil. Or where does the oil occur in India and why? P-60

• Explain about the production of oil in India? P-60

• Look at the map and answer the following:-

• Name the pipe line shown in the figure. Explain its importance in countries development.

• Why natural gas is considered the fuel of the present generation/century? P-60

• Explain the importance of H.B.J. P-60

• What are the three uses of natural gas P-60

• What are the three sources used for generation of thermal electricity? P-60

• What are the two ways through which electricity can  generated? P-60

• Explain how natural gas / coal are used as a source of energy and raw material. 

• Name the three sources from which the nuclear energy can be produced in India? P-62

• Name the largest solar plant of India? What is the purpose that it serves? P-62

• What are the advantages of non conventional sources of energy? P-62

• What are the problems confronting use of fossil fuels? P-62

• What are the twin advantages of biogas? P-62

• Why is the use of fire wood and cattle dung being discouraged in the rural area? P-62 Look at the map and answer the following:-

• Look at the picture  and answer the following:-

What type of energy is being produced in the picture? Explain its importance?

• Look at the map and answer the following:-

What type of energy is being produced in the picture? Explain its importance?

• Mention the two experimental plants used for producing geothermal energy? P-63

• What are the twin planks of sustainable energy development? P-63

• How is tidal energy produced? Where is tidal energy plant located in India? P-63